鑄鐵平板鑄造方法選擇的原則
2015年07月20日
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泊頭市正創機械設備制造有限公司鑄鐵平板擁有30余年經驗的廠家，樣式多種，規格齊全，可訂做，按用戶要求制作！
1，要(yao)兼顧鑄鐵平板(ban)鑄件的(de)度(du)(du)要(yao)求(qiu)和成本各種鑄造(zao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)所(suo)獲得的(de)鑄件度(du)(du)不同，初投資和生產率也不一致，終的(de)經(jing)濟效益(yi)也有差(cha)異。因此(ci)，要(yao)做到多、快、好、省， 應當兼顧到各個(ge)方(fang)(fang)面。應對所(suo)選用的(de)鑄造(zao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)進行初步的(de)成本估算，以確定經(jing)濟效益(yi)高(gao)又能保證鑄件要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)鑄造(zao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。
2，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鐵平(ping)板鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)應(ying)(ying)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)批(pi)量(liang)(liang)相適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)，例如砂(sha)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)，大(da)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)工(gong)廠應(ying)(ying)創(chuang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)條件(jian)(jian)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)技術(shu)的(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。老式的(de)震(zhen)擊式或震(zhen)壓式造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)率(lv)不(bu)夠高(gao)(gao)，工(gong)人勞(lao)動強度(du)大(da)，噪聲大(da)，不(bu)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)大(da)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)要求，應(ying)(ying)逐步(bu)加以改造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)。對于(yu)(yu)小型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)，可以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)水平(ping)分型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或垂直分型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)無箱(xiang)高(gao)(gao)壓造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線、實型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效率(lv)又高(gao)(gao)，占地面積也少；對于(yu)(yu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)可選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)各種有箱(xiang)高(gao)(gao)壓造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線、氣(qi)沖造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)線，以適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)快速(su)、高(gao)(gao)度(du)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線的(de)要求，造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)可選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)：冷芯(xin)(xin)盒、熱芯(xin)(xin)盒、殼(ke)芯(xin)(xin)等制芯(xin)(xin)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。中等批(pi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)大(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)可以考慮應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)樹脂自硬砂(sha)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯(xin)(xin)。單件(jian)(jian)小批(pi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)重型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)，手工(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仍(reng)是重要的(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)，手工(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)各種復(fu)雜的(de)要求比(bi)較靈活，不(bu)要求很多工(gong)藝裝(zhuang)備。批(pi)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)或長期生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)定(ding)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)多箱(xiang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、劈箱(xiang)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa)比(bi)較適(shi)(shi)宜(yi)，雖然模(mo)(mo)具(ju)、砂(sha)箱(xiang)等開始投資(zi)高(gao)(gao)，但可從節約造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)時、提高(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)(liang)方(fang)(fang)面得到補償。低壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、離(li)心鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)等鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)，因設備和(he)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)價格昂貴，所以只適(shi)(shi)合批(pi)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。
3，鑄(zhu)鐵平板造(zao)型(xing)方法應適(shi)合(he)工(gong)廠條(tiao)件，例(li)如同(tong)樣(yang)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)大(da)型(xing)機床床身等鑄(zhu)件，一般采用組芯造(zao)型(xing)法，不制(zhi)作模(mo)樣(yang)和砂箱，在地坑中組芯；而(er)另外的(de)工(gong)廠則(ze)采用砂箱造(zao)型(xing)法，制(zhi)作模(mo)樣(yang)。不同(tong)的(de)企(qi)業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)條(tiao)件(包括(kuo)設備、場地、員工(gong)素質等)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)習慣、所積累(lei)的(de)經驗各不一樣(yang)，應該根據(ju)這些條(tiao)件考慮適(shi)合(he)做什么產(chan)(chan)品(pin)和不適(shi)合(he)(或不能)做什么產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。
4，優(you)先(xian)采用砂(sha)型(xing)鑄造(zao)據(ju)統計在全部鑄鐵(tie)平(ping)板鑄件產(chan)量中(zhong)，60～70的(de)鑄件是(shi)用砂(sha)型(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)，而且其中(zhong)70左右(you)是(shi)用粘土砂(sha)型(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)。主要原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)砂(sha)型(xing)鑄造(zao)較之(zhi)其它鑄造(zao)方法成(cheng)本低、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝簡單、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)周期(qi)短(duan)。
一般來講，對于中、大型(xing)鑄件(jian)(jian)，鑄鐵件(jian)(jian)可(ke)以用(yong)樹脂自硬砂(sha)型(xing)、鑄鋼件(jian)(jian)可(ke)以用(yong)水玻璃(li)砂(sha)型(xing)來生產，可(ke)以獲得尺寸、表面光潔的鑄件(jian)(jian)，但成本(ben)較高。當(dang)(dang)然，砂(sha)型(xing)鑄造(zao)(zao)生產的鑄件(jian)(jian)度、表面光潔度、材質(zhi)的密(mi)度和金相組織(zhi)、機(ji)械性(xing)能(neng)等方(fang)面往往較差(cha)，所以當(dang)(dang)鑄件(jian)(jian)的這些性(xing)能(neng)要(yao)求(qiu) 高時，應(ying)該采(cai)用(yong)其它(ta)鑄造(zao)(zao)方(fang)法，例如熔模(mo)(失臘)鑄造(zao)(zao)、壓鑄、低(di)壓鑄造(zao)(zao)等等。
泊鑄機械量(liang)具廠(chang)鑄鐵平(ping)(ping)板完(wan)全按照 標準(zhun)確GB7947-1999《鑄鐵平(ping)(ping)板》級別(bie)分(fen)為0、1、2、3， 刨5個級別(bie)。其中2級以上(shang)為檢驗(yan)平(ping)(ping)板，3級為劃線平(ping)(ping)板或基礎(chu)平(ping)(ping)板。
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