鑄鐵平板鑄造方法選擇的原則
2015年07月20日
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泊頭市正創機械設備制造有限公司鑄鐵平板擁有30余年經驗的廠家，樣式多種，規格齊全，可訂做，按用戶要求制作！
1，要兼顧鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)平板鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)的(de)度(du)要求和(he)成本各種(zhong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)方法(fa)所(suo)獲得(de)的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)度(du)不(bu)同，初(chu)投資和(he)生(sheng)產率也(ye)不(bu)一致，終的(de)經濟效益(yi)也(ye)有差異。因此(ci)，要做(zuo)到多(duo)、快、好、省， 應當兼顧到各個(ge)方面。應對所(suo)選用的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)方法(fa)進行初(chu)步(bu)的(de)成本估算，以確定經濟效益(yi)高(gao)又能保證(zheng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)要求的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)方法(fa)。
2，鑄(zhu)(zhu)鐵平板鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)應(ying)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)批(pi)量(liang)(liang)相適(shi)應(ying)，例如砂(sha)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)，大(da)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)工(gong)廠應(ying)創造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)條件(jian)采(cai)用技術(shu)的(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。老(lao)式的(de)(de)震(zhen)擊式或(huo)震(zhen)壓(ya)式造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)率不夠高(gao)，工(gong)人勞(lao)動強度(du)(du)大(da)，噪聲大(da)，不適(shi)應(ying)大(da)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，應(ying)逐(zhu)步加以改造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)。對(dui)于(yu)小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)，可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用水平分(fen)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)垂直分(fen)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)無箱高(gao)壓(ya)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)、實型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)效率又高(gao)，占地面積也(ye)少；對(dui)于(yu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)可(ke)(ke)選(xuan)用各種有(you)箱高(gao)壓(ya)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)、氣沖造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)線(xian)(xian)，以適(shi)應(ying)快速、高(gao)度(du)(du)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)可(ke)(ke)選(xuan)用：冷(leng)芯盒、熱芯盒、殼芯等(deng)(deng)制芯方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)。中等(deng)(deng)批(pi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)大(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)可(ke)(ke)以考慮(lv)應(ying)用樹脂自硬(ying)砂(sha)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)芯。單件(jian)小(xiao)批(pi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)重型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鑄(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)，手工(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仍是重要(yao)的(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)，手工(gong)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能適(shi)應(ying)各種復雜(za)的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比較(jiao)靈(ling)活(huo)，不要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)很多(duo)工(gong)藝裝(zhuang)備。批(pi)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)或(huo)長期生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)定型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)采(cai)用多(duo)箱造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、劈箱造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa)比較(jiao)適(shi)宜，雖然模具、砂(sha)箱等(deng)(deng)開始投資高(gao)，但可(ke)(ke)從節(jie)約造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)時、提高(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)(liang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面得到補償。低壓(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、壓(ya)鑄(zhu)(zhu)、離心(xin)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)等(deng)(deng)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)，因(yin)設備和模具的(de)(de)價格昂貴，所(suo)以只適(shi)合批(pi)量(liang)(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。
3，鑄鐵(tie)平板造(zao)型方法應適(shi)合工(gong)廠條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)，例如同(tong)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)大型機床床身等(deng)鑄件(jian)(jian)，一般采用組(zu)(zu)芯造(zao)型法，不(bu)制作(zuo)模(mo)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)和砂(sha)箱，在地(di)坑(keng)中組(zu)(zu)芯；而另(ling)外(wai)的(de)工(gong)廠則采用砂(sha)箱造(zao)型法，制作(zuo)模(mo)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)。不(bu)同(tong)的(de)企(qi)業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(包(bao)括設備、場(chang)地(di)、員工(gong)素(su)質等(deng))、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)習(xi)慣、所積累的(de)經驗各不(bu)一樣(yang)(yang)(yang)，應該根據這(zhe)些(xie)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)考慮適(shi)合做(zuo)(zuo)什(shen)(shen)么產(chan)(chan)品和不(bu)適(shi)合(或(huo)不(bu)能)做(zuo)(zuo)什(shen)(shen)么產(chan)(chan)品。
4，優(you)先采(cai)用砂型(xing)鑄造(zao)(zao)據統(tong)計在全部鑄鐵平(ping)板鑄件產(chan)量中，60～70的鑄件是用砂型(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的，而(er)且(qie)其(qi)中70左(zuo)右是用粘土砂型(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的。主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因是砂型(xing)鑄造(zao)(zao)較之其(qi)它鑄造(zao)(zao)方法(fa)成本(ben)低(di)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝簡(jian)單、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)周(zhou)期短(duan)。
一般來(lai)講(jiang)，對于中、大(da)型鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)，鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)件(jian)(jian)可(ke)以(yi)用樹脂(zhi)自硬砂(sha)型、鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鋼件(jian)(jian)可(ke)以(yi)用水玻璃砂(sha)型來(lai)生產(chan)，可(ke)以(yi)獲得尺寸(cun)、表(biao)面光(guang)潔(jie)的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)，但(dan)成本(ben)較高。當然，砂(sha)型鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)生產(chan)的(de)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)度(du)、表(biao)面光(guang)潔(jie)度(du)、材質的(de)密度(du)和金相(xiang)組織、機械性(xing)能(neng)等方面往(wang)往(wang)較差，所以(yi)當鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)這些性(xing)能(neng)要求 高時，應該采(cai)用其它鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)方法，例如熔模(mo)(失臘)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)、壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、低壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)等等。
泊鑄機(ji)械量具廠(chang)鑄鐵平(ping)(ping)板完全按照 標準確GB7947-1999《鑄鐵平(ping)(ping)板》級(ji)(ji)別(bie)(bie)分為(wei)0、1、2、3， 刨(bao)5個級(ji)(ji)別(bie)(bie)。其(qi)中2級(ji)(ji)以(yi)上(shang)為(wei)檢(jian)驗平(ping)(ping)板，3級(ji)(ji)為(wei)劃線平(ping)(ping)板或(huo)基礎(chu)平(ping)(ping)板。
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